feat: in proc App Hang capture

[bitsandfoxes]

Resolves https://github.com/getsentry/team-gdx/issues/155
Alternative or parallelization of #1780

The Goal

The goal is to have a mechanism that allows capture of frozen/stuck main threads. The resulting event should provide the same level of detail and insights as actual errors. This means contexts, tags, breadcrumbs, trace, and stack trace.

The How

With an in-proc thread stackwalker, we pause (lol) the hung thread, get to the stack, and create a proper event.
Whatever is considered the main thread periodically calls heartbeat on the SDK. This reset a timestamp. The monitor captures the state of the stuck process should the timestamp exceed the configured threshold.

For this the PR adds the following new API:

• sentry_options_set_app_hang_enabled:
• sentry_options_set_app_hang_timeout_ms
• sentry_app_hang_heartbeat

Limitations & Followups:

• Limited to x64 on Windows. Needs a follow up for ARM64.
• Letting a variable number of threads emit a heartbeat and monitor those

The Result

macOS

Windows

[github-actions]

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[limbonaut]

Great stuff! This was a good read - learned a lot of new things about sentry-native. Surprisingly concise PR for what it does. Got my brain cooked trying to understand the nuances between the various unwinder implementations 😅 You may want to have others take a look too, esp someone who knows unwinders well.

Let's try integrating this into Godot. In the context of the Godot SDK, Godot Engine doesn't provide an API for inspecting script stack traces from other threads, so this would only be of use for issues triggered in the native code (engine or C++ extension). Now I'm wondering what would be required to make script traces possible for App Hangs. And same for CoreCLR .NET.

[tustanivsky]

LGTM - tested this in Unreal on Windows, Linux and macOS (getsentry/sentry-unreal#1427) and it works as expected. I also confirmed that in-process hang tracking allows us to bypass the IPC limitations in sandboxed Mac applications.

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[JoshuaMoelans]

Nice work 🚀 LGTM