Improve UX for installing `java`

[jamietanna]

When installing a version of Java via install-tool i.e.

# via https://github.com/containerbase/base/blob/main/test/java/Dockerfile
RUN install-tool java 25.0.4+7.0.LTS

RUN install-tool java 11.0.23+9

RUN install-tool java-jre 21.0.12+8.0.LTS

It's required to know what exact build number you want of Java, which is positive to have the control, but can be less-than-ideal UX when you want 11 or 11.0.23 but don't know it's 11.0.29+9.

Additionally, when looking at i.e. https://adoptium.net/en-GB/temurin/releases?version=21&os=any&arch=any we can't install a given version:

# on digest sha256:3ff7f9a6393a0a5e0f7b3bfeac114c9aab95a909bb580986a33617daab7e14a3
root@7446b38102be:/# install-tool java 21.0.12.1+1
[13:31:46.517] INFO (22): Installing tool java@21.0.12.1+1...
[13:31:55.155] FATAL (22): tool version not supported
    tool: "java"
    version: "21.0.12.1+1"
[13:31:55.161] FATAL (22): Install tool java failed in 8.6s.

We should:

• allow installing the latest version of a major (11 -> 11.0.23+9)
• allow installing the latest build of a patch (11.0.23 -> 11.0.23+9)
• allow installing longer version numbers (21.0.12.1+1)

(Relates to #2055)