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[WIP][SPARK-56661] Introducing logical and physical planning nodes for language-agnostic Spark UDFs#55768

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[WIP][SPARK-56661] Introducing logical and physical planning nodes for language-agnostic Spark UDFs#55768
sven-weber-db wants to merge 2 commits intoapache:masterfrom
sven-weber-db:sven-weber_data/spark-56661-catalyst-and-udf

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What changes were proposed in this pull request?

This PR introduces new logical and physical Catalyst nodes for language-agnostic User Defined Functions (UDF) as part of SPIP SPARK-55278, which proposes language-agnostic UDFs.

As a first step towards the goal of language-agnostic UDFs, we want to target mapPartition UDFs like pyspark.sql.DataFrame.mapInArrow, pyspark.RDD.mapPartitions, or pyspark.sql.DataFrame.mapInArrow. The overarching goal is to deprecate the current, language-specific Catalyst nodes (like mapInArrow). However, for now, the new nodes will exist in addition to the old ones until the new framework has reach maturity.

In summary, this PR introduces:

  • A new Catalyst Expression, ExternalUDFExpression, which captures language-agnostic UDF properties (payload, name, etc.)
  • A new Catalyst logical node, ExternalUDF, which serves as a base class for all language-agnostic UDF nodes
  • A new Catalyst logical node, MapPartitionExternalUDF, which is the new, language-agnostic map partition node
  • Catalyst physical nodes for both logical nodes
  • WorkerDispatcherManager - A manager class which manages UDF Dispatchers based on the target UDFWorkerSpecification

None of the changes introduced above are currently consumed in Spark.

Why are the changes needed?

This is the first step toward language-agnostic UDF execution for Spark. Existing physical and logical planning nodes need to be replaced eventually to achieve this goal as they make language-specific assumptions.

Does this PR introduce any user-facing change?

No

How was this patch tested?

New unit-tests were added.

Was this patch authored or co-authored using generative AI tooling?

Partially. However, the code was manually reviewed and adjusted.

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