feat(array): add position-related array functions

[Seddryck]

Summary

• add with-position to pair every array item with its zero-based position
• add position-of(value) to return the first matching position
• add value-at(position) with null handling for negative and out-of-range positions
• register all three names for expression parsing and factory construction
• add documentation metadata, conformance suites, and focused unit tests
• document why position terminology is distinct from indexes used to accelerate searches

Closes #501

Validation

• dotnet build Expressif.Testing/Expressif.Testing.csproj --framework net8.0
• dotnet test Expressif.Testing/Expressif.Testing.csproj --framework net8.0
• 2,801 passed, 1 pre-existing skipped

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[sonarqubecloud]

Quality Gate passed

Issues
3 New issues
0 Accepted issues

Measures
0 Security Hotspots
0.0% Coverage on New Code
0.0% Duplication on New Code

See analysis details on SonarQube Cloud